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Oct 30, 2026

AI agent performs autonomous brain surgery on mouse, selecting drug and target independently

An AI agent successfully performed brain surgery on an epileptic mouse, autonomously choosing the gene therapy drug, brain target location, and injection coordinates without human decision-making. Researcher Gabriel Ocana Santero claims it's the first fully autonomous AI-conducted surgery.

Oct 30, 20262 sources

Top claims

▪The custom surgical setup built for Exin Therapeutics' mouse epilepsy experiment included a motorized device to immobilize the mouse, a camera for AI observation, and a needle injector
▪Exin Therapeutics switched to Claude Sonnet 5, which was the only tested model willing to carry out the live mouse epilepsy brain surgery from start to finish
▪Gabriel Ocana-Santero and researchers at Exin Therapeutics used an AI agent to autonomously select a gene therapy and carry out a brain injection procedure on a live mouse model of epilepsy

Subtopics

AI agents1 AI applications1 AI in healthcare1 AI robotics1 AI safeguards1 AI Safety1 Human-in-the-loop1 San Francisco1

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