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Oct 30, 2026

AI agent performs autonomous brain surgery on mouse, selecting drug and target independently

An AI agent successfully performed brain surgery on an epileptic mouse, autonomously choosing the gene therapy drug, brain target location, and injection coordinates without human decision-making. Researcher Gabriel Ocana Santero claims it's the first fully autonomous AI-conducted surgery.

Oct 30, 2026·2 sources
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Top claims

  • ▪The custom surgical setup built for Exin Therapeutics' mouse epilepsy experiment included a motorized device to immobilize the mouse, a camera for AI observation, and a needle injector
  • ▪Exin Therapeutics switched to Claude Sonnet 5, which was the only tested model willing to carry out the live mouse epilepsy brain surgery from start to finish
  • ▪Gabriel Ocana-Santero and researchers at Exin Therapeutics used an AI agent to autonomously select a gene therapy and carry out a brain injection procedure on a live mouse model of epilepsy

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AI agentsAI in healthcareAI safeguardsSan FranciscoAI applicationsAI SafetyAI roboticsClaude Opus 5.5Human-in-the-loop

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