Italy denied US military aircraft carrying weapons access to a Sicily airbase for Iran war operations, citing failure to obtain required parliamentary authorization under international treaty, following Spain's earlier closure of its airspace to US combat aircraft. The US-Israeli operations against Iran began February 28, 2025, catching European allies off guard, with Italy's Giorgia Meloni and Spain denouncing the conflict as illegal. President Donald Trump accused NATO of cowardice and warned France the US would remember its airspace closure, while threatening to withdraw future US support for European defense. Iran has blockaded the Strait of Hormuz, through which one-fifth of global oil and gas flows, attacked an oil tanker off Dubai, and is depleting US-Israeli air defenses through sustained missile attacks. The UK initially resisted but authorized US use of British bases and deployed additional troops to the region, while Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth warned the coming days would be decisive in the conflict.
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